This toolkit provides information about the essential components of reading instruction, including the five core reading skills that students need to become strong readers.
You will learn:
- An overview of the five essential components of reading instruction
- How effective teachers use evidence-based strategies to teach these five components in real classrooms
- A timeline for teaching the essential components of reading instruction
- Considerations for teaching students with dyslexia
This toolkit includes:
- Online tutorial
- Expert advice and implementation tools
- Supporting videos and resources
Get Started
Online Tutorial
This tutorial will introduce you to five core reading skills that students need to become strong readers. You will also view video from real classrooms, to see the evidence-based strategies that effective teachers use to teach these five components. The tutorial will also cover a timeline for teaching the essential components of reading instruction, special considerations for teaching students with dyslexia, the elements of effective instruction, and next steps.
Essential Components of Reading Instruction
Explore this collection of resources to learn more about the essential components of effective reading instruction.

This toolkit helps teachers and families understand the difference between phonemic and phonological awareness and how to support a child's development of these important reading skills.

This toolkit helps teachers and families understand what the alphabetic principle and phonics are and how to support a child's development of these important reading skills.

This toolkit helps teachers and families understand what fluency is and how to support a child’s development of fluency with text.

This toolkit, developed in collaboration with the Idaho State Department of Education, helps parents and families use everyday time together as an opportunity for learning and building reading skills.

Expert: Jess Surles
People with dyslexia, blindness, cerebral palsy, and other reading barriers can customize their experience to suit their learning style and find virtually any book they need for school, work, or the joy of reading.
Topic: Interventions


This short video explains the guidelines for which disabilities will qualify an individual for Bookshare membership.
Topic: Dyslexia, Interventions


This article features activities designed to stimulate the development of phonemic awareness in preschool and elementary school children.
Topic: Phonemic Awareness


Elements of Effective Instruction
Check out these resources to build your knowledge about the elements of effective instruction.

Expert: Jess Surles
Watch this video with teacher Megan Carlson on how direct instruction helps students feel successful.
Watch this video with teacher Amanda Rhodes on what she loves about the systematic approach to reading instruction.
The research reported here is funded by awards to the National Center on Improving Literacy from the Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, in partnership with the Office of Special Education Programs (Award #: S283D160003). The opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not represent views of OESE, OSEP, or the U.S. Department of Education. Copyright © 2023 National Center on Improving Literacy. https://improvingliteracy.org